Assertion (A): Increasing the live storage capacity of a reservoir can help in reducing the severity of downstream floods. Reason (R): A reservoir with larger live storage can temporarily store a portion of incoming floodwater and release it gradually. Choose the correct option: (A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of
- ABoth (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)Correct
- BBoth (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
- C(A) is correct but (R) is incorrect
- D(A) is incorrect but (R) is correct
Solution
Concept
Reservoir Live Storage for Flood Control
Formula
N/A
Step-by-step solution
1. Evaluate Assertion (A): Increasing live storage capacity holds peak floodwaters to reduce downstream flood severity. 2. Evaluate Reason (R): Larger live storage temporarily holds incoming floodwater and releases it gradually. 3. Conclude that both statements are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation
Increasing the live storage capacity of a reservoir allows it to hold back peak floodwaters during heavy rains and release the water safely and gradually over time, which directly helps in controlling and reducing the severity of floods downstream. Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason directly explains the assertion.
Shortcut
To remember the relationship between Live Storage and Flood Control, use the rule "Store First, Release Later": - Live Storage = Buffer Volume: Temporarily absorbs peak flood inflow so downstream discharge stays safe. - Explanation Link: If the Reason explains *how* or *why* the Assertion works (e.g., storing floodwater to reduce flood severity), then (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Common mistake
A common mistake is selecting Option B by agreeing that both statements are true individually, but failing to connect that Reason (R) directly provides the mechanism and explanation for Assertion (A). Another frequent error is confusing live storage with dead storage, leading students to incorrectly select Option C or D.
Correct answer: A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)