Consider the following statements regarding the properties of materials : 1. A material in plastic state is temporarily deformed by the application of load and it has tendency to recover. 2. Ductility is the characteristic of a material to be drawn out longitudinally to a reduced section under the action of tensile force. 3. Malleability is a property of a material which permits the materials to be partially extended in all directions without rupture. Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
- A1 and 2
- B2 onlyCorrect
- C3 only
- D1 and 3
Solution
Concept
Plastic deformation is permanent. Ductility means drawing into wire under tension. Malleability means spreading into sheets in all directions under compression.
Step-by-step solution
1. A temporary deformation with a tendency to recover is elasticity, not plasticity (false). 2. Ductility is the ability to be drawn into wire under tension (true). 3. Malleability is the ability to be extended in all directions (hammered into sheets) without rupture; the word "partially" makes the statement doubtful.
Explanation
Plastic deformation is permanent and does not recover, so statement 1 is false. Ductility is correctly defined as being drawn out under tension. The malleability statement uses 'partially', which is not the standard definition,
Shortcut
Ductile = wire; malleable = sheet; elastic = recovers.
Common mistake
Confusing elastic and plastic.
Correct answer: B) 2 only