Generally, water supply projects are designed for a design period of
- A5 to 10 years
- B10 to 20 years
- C20 to 40 yearsCorrect
- D40 to 60 years
Solution
Concept
Design period of water supply projects
Formula
NONE
Step-by-step solution
1. Water supply projects require significant capital investment and long implementation timelines. 2. Standard engineering guidelines specify a design period that balances future population expansion with present capital costs. 3. Therefore, water supply projects are generally designed for a period of 20 to 40 years. Answer: C
Explanation
Water supply projects involve heavy infrastructure and capital investments designed to serve populations far into the future without frequent, costly overhauls. A design period of 20 to 40 years balances the lifespan of various components with anticipated population growth and financial feasibility. This timeframe ensures the system operates efficiently throughout its planned service life.
Why the other options are wrong
A) 5 to 10 years is too short for major water supply infrastructure design periods. B) 10 to 20 years is typically reserved for mechanical equipment like pumps rather than entire water supply projects. D) 40 to 60 years is excessively long due to forecasting uncertainties and structural obsolescence.
Shortcut
Water supply design period is typically 20 to 40 years.
Common mistake
Confusing the design period of general water supply projects with that of dams or specific treatment units.
Correct answer: C) 20 to 40 years