In Settlement Analysis, the Differential Settlement is defined as
- AThe difference in the settlement between two adjacent footings of a raft.Correct
- BThe total vertical displacement of the entire foundation.
- CThe settlement that occurs immediately upon application of the load.
- DThe settlement caused by the weight of the excavated soil.
Solution
Concept
Differential Settlement
Formula
ΔS = S1 - S2
Step-by-step solution
1. Review the given question about the definition of Differential Settlement in Settlement Analysis. 2. Recall that Differential Settlement (ΔS = S1 - S2) represents the difference in settlement between two adjacent footings or parts of a structure. 3. Compare the definition with the given options and select Option (a) as the correct choice.
Explanation
Differential settlement happens when different parts of a structure sink into the ground by unequal amounts. Option A correctly defines this as the difference in settlement measured between two adjacent footings or parts of a foundation.
Shortcut
To easily remember Differential Settlement, use the rule "Differential = Difference": - Differential Settlement: Measures the difference or uneven settlement between two adjacent footings or points. - Total Settlement: Measures the overall, uniform vertical movement of the entire structure.
Common mistake
A common mistake is selecting Option B by confusing differential settlement with total settlement, which refers to the overall uniform downward movement of the foundation. Another frequent mistake is selecting Option C by confusing differential settlement with immediate (or elastic) settlement, which describes the initial settlement occurring right after load application rather than the relative displacement between adjacent points.
Correct answer: A) The difference in the settlement between two adjacent footings of a raft.