In solid waste management, compaction ratio is defined as :
- Athe ratio of the as-compacted density to the as-discarded density.Correct
- Bthe ratio of the as-discarded density to the as-compacted density.
- Cthe ratio of the as-deposited density to the as-compacted density.
- Dthe ratio of the as-compacted density to the as-deposited density.
Solution
Concept
Compaction ratio
Formula
CR = ρcompacted / ρas-discarded = Vinitial / Vfinal
Step-by-step solution
1. Compaction ratio = density after compaction ÷ density as discarded (loose). 2. Equivalent to the ratio of initial to final volume.
Explanation
The compaction ratio is a measure of the volume reduction obtained by compaction; it is the ratio of the compacted density to the original (as-discarded) density.
Why the other options are wrong
Option (b) is inverted. Options (c) and (d) compare the density with the "as-deposited" state, which is not the standard definition.
Shortcut
CR = compacted density ÷ loose density > 1.
Common mistake
Inverting the ratio.
Correct answer: A) the ratio of the as-compacted density to the as-discarded density.