In which one of the following systems the optimum road length is calculated for an area based on the concept of obtaining maximum utility per unit length of road?
- ASaturation systemCorrect
- BUnsaturated system
- CMinimum utility system
- DAverage utility system
Solution
Concept
In the saturation system, the road network with the maximum utility per unit length is chosen as the optimum road length.
Formula
Utility per unit length = Total utility units / Total road length
Step-by-step solution
1. Road planning systems compare different road network proposals for an area. 2. In the saturation system (maximum utility system), utility units are given to villages served (based on population) and to productivity (agricultural and industrial). 3. Total utility of each proposal is found and divided by its road length. 4. The proposal with the maximum utility per unit length is selected as the optimum road length. 5. So the answer is the saturation system.
Explanation
The saturation system, also called the maximum utility system, was used in the third 20-year road plan (Lucknow Plan). Each road proposal gets utility units for the population and production it serves. The network that gives the highest utility per km of road is taken as the best, or optimum, road length.
Why the other options are wrong
B: Unsaturated system is not a road planning method. C: Minimum utility system is not a road planning method; the method looks for maximum utility. D: Average utility system is not a standard road planning method.
Shortcut
Maximum utility per unit length = Saturation system.
Common mistake
Students choose 'minimum' or 'average' utility options. Remember, the saturation system is also called the maximum utility system.
Correct answer: A) Saturation system