Newmark’s Influence Chart is primarily used in the analysis of
- AEarth pressure on retaining walls
- BLoad distribution in structures
- CSlope stability and potential failure surfaces
- DFoundation settlement and bearing capacityCorrect
Solution
Concept
Stress distribution analysis using Newmark chart
Formula
NONE
Step-by-step solution
1. Newmark's chart is based on Boussinesq's theory. 2. Draw the loaded area to a scale where depth z = length of scale line. 3. Place the point of interest at the chart centre. 4. Count the elements covered by the loaded area. 5. Find vertical stress Δσz = I × n × q. 6. Use this stress to find the settlement of the foundation.
Explanation
Newmark influence chart is a graphical calculation tool used to compute vertical stresses induced at any depth beneath flexible foundations of arbitrary shape. These calculated vertical stress distribution values are critical for estimating foundation settlement and assessing soil bearing capacity. Therefore, option D correctly describes the main application of the chart.
Why the other options are wrong
A) Earth pressure on retaining walls is calculated using Rankine or Coulomb theories. B) Load distribution in structural members is analyzed using structural mechanics methods.
Shortcut
Newmark's Influence Chart = Vertical stress distribution beneath loaded areas of any shape.
Common mistake
Selecting option A or C by confusing stress distribution charts with lateral earth pressure or slope stability analysis tools.
Correct answer: D) Foundation settlement and bearing capacity