The pressure rise in a pipeline due to a sudden closure of a valve is called
- ABernoulli’s effect
- BHydraulic hammerCorrect
- CSurge head
- DWater retention
Solution
Concept
Water hammer
Formula
Pressure rise = ρ c V (Joukowsky) for rapid closure
Step-by-step solution
1. Sudden closure of a valve stops the flow in a very short time. 2. The momentum of the water is converted into a pressure wave. 3. This pressure rise is called water (hydraulic) hammer.
Explanation
Hydraulic hammer is the pressure surge that occurs in a pipeline when the flow is suddenly stopped or changed. Surge tanks and slow-closing valves control it.
Shortcut
Sudden closure → water hammer.
Common mistake
Choosing surge head, which is a protection device parameter.
Correct answer: B) Hydraulic hammer