Which one of the following is a measure of the ability of a material to absorb energy before fracture ?
- AResilience
- BStrain Energy Density
- CResilience Modulus
- DModulus of ToughnessCorrect
Solution
Concept
Toughness
Formula
Toughness = area under the whole stress–strain curve
Step-by-step solution
1. Resilience: energy absorbed up to the elastic limit. 2. Toughness: energy absorbed up to fracture.
Explanation
The modulus of toughness is the total area under the stress–strain curve up to fracture, so it measures the ability to absorb energy before fracture. Resilience is limited to the elastic range.
Why the other options are wrong
Resilience and the modulus of resilience refer to energy stored in the elastic range. Strain energy density is a general term.
Shortcut
Resilience = elastic limit; toughness = fracture.
Common mistake
Choosing resilience.
Correct answer: D) Modulus of Toughness