Which property/properties of ceramics make(s) them highly suitable for use in high-temperature applications such as furnace linings and kiln furniture? i. High thermal resistance ii. Low thermal expansion iii. High ductility iv. High malleability
- AOnly (i)
- BOnly (i) and (ii)Correct
- COnly (iii) and (iv)
- D(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Solution
Concept
Ceramic properties for high temperature applications
Formula
NONE
Step-by-step solution
1. Ceramics possess strong atomic bonds and high melting points, making them ideal for high-temperature environments. 2. Based on the given key, high thermal resistance (statement i) is selected. Answer: B
Explanation
Ceramic materials possess high thermal resistance to endure elevated temperatures and low thermal expansion to resist cracking from temperature fluctuations. However, ceramics are inherently brittle and lack ductility or malleability. Because only statements i and ii are properties that suit ceramics for high-temperature furnace linings, option B is correct.
Why the other options are wrong
C) Ceramics are brittle materials that lack ductility and malleability. D) Statements (iii) and (iv) are incorrect because ceramics are not malleable or ductile.
Shortcut
Ceramics for furnace linings require high thermal resistance and low thermal expansion (they are brittle, not ductile/malleable).
Common mistake
Selecting option A by ignoring low thermal expansion or option D by confusing ceramic properties with metal ductility and malleability.
Correct answer: B) Only (i) and (ii)