Boundary Layer Theory MCQ with answer and solution

Concept

Origin of boundary layer concept

Formula

NONE

Step-by-step solution

1. Boundary layer theory describes the behavior of fluid flow in the narrow region adjacent to a solid surface where viscous forces are significant. 2. This fundamental concept in fluid mechanics was introduced by Ludwig Prandtl in 1904. 3. It allowed fluid dynamic equations to be simplified by dividing flow into a viscous boundary layer and an inviscid main flow region. Answer: D

Explanation

The concept of the boundary layer was first introduced by Ludwig Prandtl in 1904. He established that fluid flow near a solid surface can be divided into a thin boundary layer dominated by viscous forces and an outer region dominated by ideal flow. This theory successfully bridged theoretical fluid dynamics with practical hydraulic engineering.

Why the other options are wrong

A) Von-Karman contributed the momentum integral equation to boundary layer theory, but did not introduce the main concept. B) Nikuradse conducted famous experiments on turbulent flow in rough pipes. C) Bernoulli formulated the fluid energy conservation principle.

Shortcut

Prandtl = Pioneer of Boundary Layer theory.

Common mistake

Associating boundary layer theory with Theodore von Kármán instead of Ludwig Prandtl.