Which one of the following consists of horizontal and vertical location of certain points by linear and angular measurements and is made to determine the natural features of a country?
- ACadastral survey
- BTopographical surveyCorrect
- CAstronomical survey
- DMilitary survey
Solution
Concept
A topographical survey fixes the horizontal and vertical positions of points to show the natural and man-made features of a country.
Step-by-step solution
1. The question asks for a survey that fixes horizontal and vertical positions of points. 2. It uses linear and angular measurements. 3. Its aim is to show the natural features of a country, such as hills, valleys, rivers and forests. 4. This is the definition of a topographical survey. Answer is (B).
Explanation
A topographical survey measures both the position and the height of points. It is used to show natural features like hills, rivers and forests on maps. Contours are drawn from these surveys.
Why the other options are wrong
(A) A cadastral survey fixes property boundaries, not natural features. (C) An astronomical survey finds absolute location using celestial bodies. (D) A military survey is made for defence purposes.
Shortcut
Natural features of a country = topography = topographical survey.
Common mistake
Choosing cadastral survey. Cadastral survey is only for land ownership boundaries.
Correct answer: B) Topographical survey